L Ansell Irving, J McAra-Couper… - Midwifery, 2011 - Elsevier ... Sandberg, 1999); division of the pubic symphysis (symphisiotomy) to increase the pelvic dimensions (Kwek and Yeo, 2006); opening of the uterine cavity (hysterotomy) to dislodge the fetal shoulders (Goodwin et al., 1997); fracture of the clavicle (cleidotomy) to reduce the ...